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TRT Bangkok consultation room — doctor-led GLP-1 weight-loss program
Medical Weight Loss · Thailand

Preserve Muscle on GLP-1

GLP-1 medications produce dramatic weight loss — but 25 to 40 percent of that loss can come from lean muscle tissue if no specific protocol is followed. The doctor-led muscle-preservation protocol — adequate protein (1.2 to 1.6 grams per kilogram body weight), structured resistance training (2 to 3 sessions per week), body-composition tracking — protects metabolism, function, and long-term weight maintenance.

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Dr. Kenika Norrachetdecha, MD — Medical Director at TRT Bangkok

Treatments supervised by Dr. Kenika Norrachetdecha

Medical Director · Thai License #72509

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Body-weight reduction · SURMOUNT-1 trial
20.9%
Mean body-weight reduction in the SURMOUNT-1 trial at 72 weeks on Mounjaro 15 mg.
Jastreboff et al., NEJM 2022 · n=2,539 non-diabetic adults
What that means for you

That's 17.8 kg — you'd weigh 67.2 kg.

Based on the 20.9% trial-mean. Individual outcomes vary.
The problem worth solving

Up to 30% of GLP-1 weight loss can be lean mass

Body-composition substudies of phase-3 GLP-1 trials show that without a protein + resistance-training protocol, roughly a quarter to a third of total weight lost is lean tissue — not fat.

25–30%

of weight lost on GLP-1s — without a structured intervention — can be lean mass (STEP-1 body-composition substudy, Heymsfield 2024).

3

downstream consequences of lean-mass loss: lower resting metabolic rate, reduced mobility, and worse weight-regain trajectory post-therapy.

The good news: a deliberate protein, resistance-training and creatine protocol — the four pillars below — shifts the fat-to-lean ratio dramatically and preserves the metabolic engine you'll need to keep weight off after the program ends.

Pillar 1 · Protein

1.6–2.0 g of protein per kg of goal body weight

Protein target is based on goal body weight, not current weight — this keeps the absolute gram total realistic and preserves muscle through caloric deficit.

Goal weight
Lower (1.6 g/kg)
Upper (2.0 g/kg)
70 kg
112 g/day
140 g/day
80 kg
128 g/day
160 g/day
90 kg
144 g/day
180 g/day
Distribution matters. Split protein across 3–4 meals at 30–40 g each. Even distribution maximises muscle-protein-synthesis stimulus across the day. Add a protein shake mid-day if appetite suppression makes a full meal difficult.
Pillar 2 · Training

2–3 full-body resistance sessions per week

Resistance training is the single strongest lever for preserving muscle in a caloric deficit. Volume and intensity matter more than session count.

Prescription

  • 2–3 sessions/week, full body each session
  • 3–5 sets per major muscle group
  • 6–12 reps per set, last 2 reps challenging
  • Progressive overload — add weight or reps weekly
  • 48–72 h recovery between sessions

Six compound movements

  • 1.Squat — goblet, back, or split-squat
  • 2.Hinge — Romanian deadlift, hip thrust
  • 3.Push — bench press, dumbbell press, push-up
  • 4.Pull — row, lat pulldown, chin-up
  • 5.Carry — farmer's walk, suitcase carry
  • 6.Lunge — reverse, walking, or step-up
Pillar 3 · Supplement

Creatine monohydrate — 3–5 g daily

Creatine is the most-studied performance supplement in existence. In a caloric deficit it helps maintain strength output, training quality, and (indirectly) muscle mass.

  • Dose: 3–5 g per day, any time of day
  • Loading phase: not necessary — saturation occurs in 3–4 weeks at the maintenance dose
  • Form: creatine monohydrate, micronised if preferred — other forms offer no proven advantage
  • With/without food: either is fine; carbohydrate co-ingestion is not required
  • Evidence: Antonio et al. 2021 ISSN position stand confirms safety and efficacy across >500 studies
Pillar 4 · Monitoring

Track body composition, not just scale weight

A DEXA scan or quality bioimpedance reading every 12 weeks tells you whether weight loss is coming from fat or muscle. Scale weight alone hides the answer.

Targets per 12-week review

  • Fat-mass share of weight loss
    % of total kg lost that came from fat tissue
    ≥70%
  • Lean-mass change vs baseline
    Acceptable lean loss for adherent patients
    ≤−10%
  • Strength change (1RM compound lifts)
    Maintenance or improvement vs baseline
    ≥0%
  • Scan cadence
    DEXA at start, week 12, week 24, week 52
    4 scans

DEXA is the gold standard; quality bioimpedance (InBody 770, Tanita MC-780) is acceptable for trend-tracking between scans.

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Pick your treatment, enter your weights, see your trajectory. All data from peer-reviewed clinical trials. Individual outcomes vary — final program plan determined in private consultation.

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Your trajectory · based on clinical-trial mean

Weeks to goal
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from 2,190 ฿/shot

Body-composition data from STEP-1 secondary endpoints and meta-analyses of GLP-1 lean-mass loss. Protein target (1.2-1.6 g/kg) is from the ESPEN guidelines for weight-reducing diets; standard population recommendation is 0.8 g/kg. Resistance-training protocol references the position stand of the American College of Sports Medicine on weight loss and physical activity (2009, reaffirmed 2022).

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Authentic medications. Direct access to Dr. Kenika. Comprehensive metabolic care beyond GLP-1 alone.

Authentic Medications

Mounjaro, Zepbound (Eli Lilly), Wegovy, Ozempic, Saxenda (Novo Nordisk) — all sourced through the licensed Thai pharmaceutical supply chain.

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Your Doctor

Meet Your Medical Director

Dr. Kenika Norrachetdecha, MD — Medical Director at TRT Bangkok

Dr. Kenika Norrachetdecha, MD

Medical Director · TRT Bangkok

Hormone Medicine Brain Health Metabolic Optimisation Weight Loss

Dr. Kenika Norrachetdecha, MD, leads TRT Bangkok's clinical practice. She specialises in hormone optimisation, regenerative medicine, and metabolic health, with advanced training under Dr. Mark Gordon (USA) in neuroregenerative protocols. She personally oversees treatment standards across all access points.

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Dr. Kenika with Dr. Mark Gordon

International Training

Advanced neuroregenerative medicine training under Dr. Mark Gordon (USA) — featured on The Joe Rogan Experience (4 appearances) for his work in hormones & brain health.

Dr. Kenika Norrachetdecha with Dr. Mark Gordon at HEAT Conference

With Dr. Mark Gordon (USA)

HEAT Conference — Neuroregenerative Medicine Training

Thai Medical License #72509 · Council Member #71253 — Verify ↗

In Thailand for treatment? For DEXA-scan baseline + ongoing body-composition tracking, visit our Pattaya walk-in clinic — local partner imaging center, same-day results.

Common Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

How much muscle do I lose on GLP-1?

Trials report 25–40% of total weight loss comes from lean tissue (including muscle) when no specific protocol is followed. With adequate protein intake and resistance training, lean-mass loss can be reduced to 10–20% — preserving function and metabolism.

How much protein should I eat?

1.2–1.6 g of protein per kg of body weight daily — significantly above the standard 0.8 g/kg recommendation. For a 70 kg adult: 84–112 g protein/day, ideally split across 3–4 meals to maximize muscle protein synthesis.

Do I need to lift weights?

Yes — resistance training is the most effective protector of lean mass during weight loss. Aim for 2–3 sessions per week targeting all major muscle groups: legs, back, chest, shoulders, arms. Start with bodyweight or light weights and progress over time.

What if I don't have time to train?

Even 2 short sessions (30 min each) per week provide most of the lean-mass protection benefit. Bodyweight exercises (squats, push-ups, rows with bands) work at home. The goal is consistent resistance stimulus, not training volume.

Should I track body composition?

Yes. Weight alone doesn't distinguish fat loss from muscle loss. DEXA scan, bioimpedance (BIA), or skinfold measurements every 8–12 weeks tell you what you're losing. Our program includes body-composition tracking.

What supplements help?

Whey protein (or vegan equivalent) to hit daily protein targets. Creatine monohydrate (3–5 g/day) supports muscle retention. Vitamin D and omega-3 indirectly support recovery. Multivitamin if calorie intake drops below 1,500/day.

Will I look "skinny-fat" after weight loss?

This is the risk if you lose weight without lean-mass protection. Avoid by: (1) high protein, (2) resistance training, (3) avoiding crash dieting, (4) gradual weight loss (0.5–1 kg/week). Our program is built around this protocol.

Does muscle preservation affect long-term weight maintenance?

Yes — significantly. Higher lean mass means higher resting metabolism, easier weight maintenance after stopping GLP-1, and reduced risk of weight regain. Muscle protection during weight loss is one of the highest-leverage things you can do.

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Dr. Kenika, Medical Director at TRT Bangkok weight-loss program
Medically reviewed by Dr. Kenika, Medical Director
Member, Medical Council of Thailand · Endocrinology & Metabolic Medicine
This page is reviewed for medical accuracy. Content is informational and does not substitute for individualized medical advice. Treatment decisions are made during private consultation.

Sources

Peer-reviewed primary sources, FDA prescribing information, and manufacturer documentation.

View all 6 sources
  1. Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN, et al. Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(3):205-216. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2206038. View on NEJM ↑
  2. Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity (STEP-1). N Engl J Med. 2021;384(11):989-1002. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2032183. View on NEJM ↑
  3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Wegovy (semaglutide) injection prescribing information. Initial U.S. Approval: 2021. FDA label (PDF) ↑
  4. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Zepbound (tirzepatide) injection prescribing information. Initial U.S. Approval: 2023. FDA label (PDF) ↑
  5. American Diabetes Association. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Suppl 1):S158-S178. doi:10.2337/dc24-S009. View on Diabetes Care ↑
  6. Frías JP, Davies MJ, Rosenstock J, et al. Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (SURPASS-2). N Engl J Med. 2021;385(6):503-515. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2107519. View on NEJM ↑

Additional clinical questions are discussed during your private consultation with Dr. Kenika.

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Insights Library

Further reading

FOUNDATION · CLASS EXPLAINED
GLP-1 Medications Explained — Single, Dual, Triple Agonists
COMPARISON · DOCTOR-LED
Mounjaro vs Wegovy — Side-by-Side Comparison
TRIAL DEEP-DIVE
SURMOUNT-1 Explained — Inside Mounjaro's 20.9%
TRIAL DEEP-DIVE
STEP-1 Trial Breakdown — Wegovy 14.9%
BODY COMPOSITION
How to Preserve Muscle on GLP-1
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Clinical Evidence Summary

Body composition data from STEP-1 trial subgroup analyses (Wilding et al., 2022) indicated that approximately 40 percent of total weight loss with semaglutide consisted of lean body mass without specific resistance training intervention. Clinical guidance recommends maintaining 1.2-1.6 g/kg of body weight in daily protein intake combined with resistance training three times weekly during GLP-1 therapy to minimize lean tissue loss. DEXA-based body composition monitoring at baseline and 12-week intervals supports objective tracking.

Last reviewed by Dr. Kenika Tonkam, Medical Director, TRT Bangkok · June 3, 2026

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